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      This is an archival listing of past and current sales offers for Chinese cast coins. For a listing of current stock with prices, go HERE.    My authenticity guarantee.     Kobayagawa provenance.   My grading standards for cash coins.

REFERENCES:   Hartill ($39 + postage) numbers, with modifications and additions to his system as needed: missing types are given capital letter prefixes, varieties lower case suffixes, though the distinction can be a matter of opinion. Differing varieties are often not valued higher than those listed. Secondary references are: S = Schjöth Chinese Currency, FD = Fisher Fisher's Ding, HG = Hua Guangpu Zhongguo Guqian Daji (1998, 3 vol), G = Gorny Northern Song Dynaasty Cash Variety Guide (Kosen Daizen), v. 2-7, KD = Kosen Daizen by Imai Teikichi (for S. Song), HQ = Hartill Qing Cash, B = Burger Ch'ing Cash Until 1735 (Chart/row/coin), KM = Krause & Mishler Standard Catalog of World Coins, [FN] = West China Finance 2009 "market trends" pricing. For more information on these and other references, see my books page.



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COWRIES AND I PI      400 - 220 BC & EARLIER

    H 1 . 1+      Cowries     Set of natural cowrie with "broken back" for flatness; bone, and stone. All attractive examples. Stone is 24.2mm long.        
    H 1 . 9      Lo Yi Zhu (or Ge liu zhu)     Variety called "ant money." 9.1mm x 14.6mm, 0.759g     FD-nl, S-nl, HG154/5     F
    H 1 . 12      Jun     (Chun) 10.9mm x 16.5mm, 2.529g     FD5, S-nl, HG154/4, FDX1/4165     F
    H 1 . 13      Jin     (Chin) 9.1mm x 14.6mm, 0.759g     FD-nl, S-nl, HG154/5     F
    H 1 . 15      Xing     (Hsing) 10.2mm x 16.5mm, 2.314g     FD-nl, S-nl, HG154/7, FDX1/4170     F+
    H 1 . 16      Tao     (Dao) 9.7 x 15mm, 2.28gm     FD-nl, S-nl, HG(2004)157/2     Center of character is clear but outer semi-circle appears more as a raised area than an incuse line, probably due to the heavy patina


SPADE MONEY      ca. 400 - 250 BC    

    H 3 . 184      Square Foot, Heavy     An Yang, Value-2 spade, 10.01gm, Provenance: ex-Kobayagawa/DuBois, 1912     C1317, S24-27     F
    H 3 . 226v      Square Foot     Liang (Capital City of Liang State) 29.3mm x 47.2mm, 6.171g     FD184, S32, HG45/1     EF
    H 3 . 482t      Round Foot     State of Zhao, Chou Dynasty, c. 340-250 BC, Inscribed "Lin," Rev: Possibly an archaic "20". Provenance: ex-Kobayagawa/DuBois, 1912     Thierry-138, Wang-XXV/1v, Jen946, Coole-4358, Schjoth (1965)-23A     F


KNIFE MONEY      ca. 400 - 250 BC    

    H 4 . 41-1      Ming Knife: Curved Back     State of Yen, ca.350-250 BC, Rev: Unknown single char. Provenance: ex-Kobayagawa/DuBois, 1912         F, casting irregularity creates unusual tip
    H 4 . 42-4      Ming Knife: Angle Back     State of Yen, ca.250-200 BC, Rev: You & additional characters   a) brown F-VF, or b) green F-VF $55; c) green F with old repair at end of handle        
    H 4 . 42-1      Ming Knife: Angle Back     State of Yen, ca.250-200 BC, Rev: One or two charcters other than the usual You, Zuo, etc., thus scarcer.    c), or d) as available         Vg
    H 4 . 67a      Straight Knife     Gan Dan, straight strokes on Dan, Rev. Appears blank     C8054+, FD345     F


OTHER EARLY MONEY FORMS      ca. 400 - 220 BC    

      Cowrie shells (Cyprea moneta & Cyprea anullis) made the transition from adornment to money during the change from Yin to Chou dynasties ca. 1150 B, according to P'eng Xinwei. The I pi, ant nose, or imitation cowrie monies of Chu State were used from the 8th-3rd c. BC, thus contemporary with the oldest knife and spade monies. Apparently they were controversial in Schjoth's day as he did not include them in his coinage section. Halberd money, also known as Ko money, Ge, or Je, is a small, fragile imitation of a weapon combining an ax with a spear, used in.Wu State during Spring & Autumn Annal (c.526-476 BC). Although only recently discovered, they are widely accepted by Chinese archaeologists as money due to an apparent size/denominational structure, and where they are placed in burials. Bridge Money have now been dated to c. 306-221BC and are accepted by many - but not all - Chinese numismatists as actual coins of Ba and Shu States.
   
    H 5 . 1      Gold Block     "Ying YŸan" Issued by Ying (Capital city of Chu Kingdom). 21.7mm x16.1mm, 18.297gm        
    H 5 . 20      Bridge Money     a.k.a. Ch'ing or Tingle-tangle. Variety: Looped, with design. Design of straight lines, Provenance: ex-Kobayagawa/DuBois, 1912 116mm, 7.45gm     C6681v Provenance: Jun Kobayagawa Co. (Japan) via W.M. DuBois collection, 1912    


EARLY BURIAL MONIES    

    H 5 . 501      Lotus Root Heart     (Ou Hsin Ch'ien) So-called because they resemble the convoluted shapes of the tuberous root of the lotus heart plant. One theory is that they were keys. Not resemblance to Wang Mang "pants" money. 17x38mm, 13.18gm     As Coole 6840, 6870. Provenance: ex-Kobayagawa/DuBois, 1912    
    H 5 . 601      Bell     50x19mm, much of one side broken away, Provenance: ex-Kobayagawa/DuBois, 1912        
    H 5 . 901      Cicada Charm     Metal "cicada money" was placed in the mouth of the dead in pre-Han eras. Ramsden's 1914 Model-Insect Money of Ancient China p.19, Fig. 29 shows a piece very similar to this which he speculates is post-Ming and thus not a burial piece. The hollowed front is clearly for stringing, thus it is a charm. Probably made Qing Dynasty; from a collection formed late 1960s. Hard white stone with amber highlights, 6.94gm, 34x17mm        


ZHOU ROUND COINS      ca. 350 - 220 BC    

    H 6 . 1      Gong (Kung)     (City in State of Liang) 44.6mm, 8.41g     FD359; S75, HG127/2, [FN$1168]     VF
    H 6 . 3      Yuan     (City in State of Liang) 42.6mm, 11.479g     FD357, S73/74, HG128/1     VF
    H 6 . 6      Qi Yuan Yi Jin     (State of Liang) Qiyuan, one Jin read clockwise from right. 37.8mm, 8.79g     FD-nl, S-nl, HG-130c,d, [FN$1750]     VF
    H 6 . 14      Xi Zhou     (State of) Eastern Zhou 27.4 mm, 4.643g.     FD10, S-nl, HG128/5, [FN$7300]     F, Xi roughly cast
    H 6 . 15X      Dong Zhou     (State of) Western Zhou 27.4mm, 4.643g FORGERY, NOT FOR SALE     FD9, S-nl, G129/1     VF, edge @ 7:00-10:00 broken away & reglued.
    H 6 . 17      Yi Hua     State of Yan, 300-220 BC. One hua 19.0mm, 1.512g     FD382, S78, HG135/1     VF
    H 6 . 18      Yi Hua     State of Yan, 300-220 BC. One hua Reversed inscription         crude Vg-F
    H 6 . 21      Ming Hua     State of Yan, 300-220 BC. Four hua 23.5mm, 2.074g     FD379, S76, HG136/3     AVF
    H 6 . 21E      Ming Hua     State of Yan, 300-220 BC. Four hua "error" piece with extensive flashing rremaining 31mm, 5.26g     FD379, S76, HG136/3     F
    H 6 . 23X      Yi Hua     State of Qi, 300-220BC. (City of) Yi, (One) Hua (I Liu Huo) Second casting from an altered banliang, the background scrapings of the original show clearly, and the coin has a sharp feel. Stamped COPY on reverse. 22.5mm, 2.171g        
    H 6 . 24      Yi Si Hua     State of Qi, 300-220BC. (City of) Yi, Four Hua (I Ssu Huo) 22.5mm, 2.171g     FD437, S67, HG133/1     Sharp VF but patchy color from cleaning
    H 6 . 25a      Yi Liu Hua     State of Qi, 300-220BC. (City of) Yi, Six Hua (I Liu Huo) 34.6mm, 8.221g     FD440, S70-71, HG134/2     AVF, patchy color
    H 6 . 26      Zhong Yi Liang Shi Er Yi Zhu     State of Qin, 250-220BC. 12 Zhu, weight 1 Liang, or possibly "One coin, weight 1 Liang (series) 12". 39.8mm, 12.607g     FD390, S-nl, HG131/3, J973, [FN$2920]     F, patchy color
    H 6 . 27      Zhong Yi Liang Shi Si Yi Zhu     State of Qin, 250-220BC. 14 Zhu, weight 1 Liang, or possibly "One coin, weight 1 Liang (series) 14". 38.3mm, 15.071g     FD391, S-nl, HG132/1, J34, [FN$3650]     F+
    H 6 . 30X      Liang Zi     State of Qin, 250-220BC 2 Zi (= 12 Shu) Second casting from an altered banliang, the background scrapings of the original show clearly. Stamped COPY on reverse. 29.4mm, 3.462g        
    H 6 . 31      Liang Zi     State of Qin, 250-220BC 2 Zi (= 12 Shu) Faint outer rim. 31.2mm, 6.227g     FD395, S-nl, HG151/3     F


BAN LIANG      ca. 350 - 119 BC    

    H 7 . 4      Ban liang     Warring States, 378-336 BC, thick "12 shu" 31.3mm, 10.632g     FD-nl, S83, HG147/3     F+
    H 7 . 6      Ban liang     Warring States, Emp. Shen Ching Wang, 336 BC, large "12 shu" with high-relief writing, type ranges 5.4-8gm 36.1mm, 7.583g     FD385, S79, HG148/1     VF+
    H 7 . 7M      Ban liang Charm     Qin Dynasty (300-200 BC) Banliang with four triangles above and below, hand-altered in antiquity as a charm. 29.1 mm, 4.408 g     FD385, S79, HG148/1     VF+
    H 7 . 10b      Chicken Eye Banliang     Western Han, 202BC - 7AD Small private piece, 200-179BC Large flan with relatively small hole. 16mm, 0.72g     FD411, S86, HG160/2     F
    H 7 . 11a      Chicken Eye Banliang     Western Han, 202BC - 7AD Small private piece, 200-179BC Small piece with large hole. Samples shown. 13-15.5mm     FD411, S86, HG160/2     F
    H 7 . 11b      Chicken Eye Banliang     Western Han, 202BC - 7AD Small private piece, 200-179BC Small piece with small hole. Samples shown. 13-15.5mm     FD411, S86, HG160/2     F
    H 7 . 31      Liang Pan     Reversed inscription, small thick characters. 23.8mm, 2.673g         F+
    H 7 . 31b      Liang Pan     Reversed inscription, large thin characters. 23.4mm, 2.315g         F
    H 7 . 33      Liang Liang     Thin coin with one character upside down. Ding states these coins were issued from BC182; Huaguangpu 149/3 listed as ChÕun ChÕiu period during the Eastern Zhou has a smaller hole. 23.2mm, 0.502g     FD419, S-nl, HG149/3     crude Vg-F


WESTERN HAN      206 BC - 25 AD    

    H 8 . 5+      Wu zhu     Lot of 12 different Western Han pieces from this collection, mostly the pick of a large group of high-grade pieces identified by Roger Doo. Includes two each with rims above, below. Click on thumbnail to download full catalog and illustrations in MSWord document.         VF & better


WANG MANG      7 - 23 AD    

    H 9 . 1+      Da Quan Wu Shi     Lot of 12 (1? removed $3) varieties from this collection. Click on thumbnail for catalog and photos.         most sharp VF to EF
    H 9 . 3A      Da Quan Wu Shi     Small, thin coin, probably from a later Dynasty. 21.6mm, 0.951g     FD451, S-nl, HG202/4     F
    H 9 . A8      Da Quan Wu Shi     Crude provincial or private issue. Note especially Chuan. Not common.     27.5 mm, 8.240 g     crude EF
    H 9 . 8      Da Quan Wu Shi     Legend repeated reverse. 27.8mm, 5.938g     FD-nl, S134, HG197/1     EF but very crusty (Fine)
    H 9 . 9      Da Quan Shi Wu     Legend reversed. 26.9mm, 5.031g     FD450, S137, HG201/1    
    H 9 . A11      Da Quan Wu Shi     Eleven dots reverse. Huaguangpu lists a coin H199/5 with nearly the same relative arrangement of the 11 dots, but with the reverse rotated 90 degrees. Possibly an old charm.     24.9 mm, 3.250g     AVF
    H 9 . 14      Xiao Quan Zhi Yi     Small coin, value one. 14.9mm, 1.006g. UC dark toned with lustre, plus a second coin (cleaned VF) with slight calligraphy differences.     FD460, S141, HG208/1    
    H 9 . 17      Zhong Quan San Shi     Middle coin, thirty. 20.4mm, 3.008g     FD464, S142a, HG208/3, [FN$7300]     F, red patina with some green crust
    H 9 . 21      Yao Bu Er Bai     Baby Spade, two hundred. 20.4 x 36.9mm, 5.692g     FD468, S-nl, HG210/2, [FN$1752]     Sharp VF, patchy coloring
    H 9 . 28      Ci Bu Jiu Bai     Lower Spade, nine hundred. 23.4mm x 55.0mm     FD482, S-nl, HG212/2, [FN$2336]     VF
    H 9 . 29      Da Bu Heng Qian     Large Spade, weight one thousand. 25.5mm x 59.5mm, 12.839g     FD485v, S145-147, HG212/3, [FN$75]     EF
    H 9 . 29L      Da Bu Heng Qian     Large Spade, weight one thousand. Varieties: a) Hole nearer rim, line reverse extends above hole (leg broken away); b) Small, crude version. Both may be contemporary forgeries.        
    H 9 . 30      Huo Bu     Money Spade, (value 25) 23.6mm x 58.0mm, 17.325g     FD486, S148, HG214/1,[FN$41]     VF
    H 9 . 32+      Huo Quan     Wang Mang's working coin. Lot of 28 varieties from collection including biscuits, no inscription, etc. Click on thumbnail to download catalog and photos in MSWord document.         Most VF-EF
    H 9 . 56      Mirror Huo Quan     Not exactly reversed, but mirrored. Thin inner rim. Fairly crude. 21.5mm, 1.564g     FD495, S-nl, HG216/1     VF
    H 9 . 64a      Chicken Eye Huo Quan     Similar in fabric to Eastern Wu and Western Jin issues (c. 222-317 AD) and probably belonging to this period according to R. Doo. 12.7mm, 0.447g     FD668-669v, S-nl, HG220/3    
    H 9 . 69      (Huo Quan)     Blank coin clearly of Huo-quan fabric 5.41gm, 21.7mm     S173    
    H 9 . 75      Qi Dao     Handle of the "key" coin. 27.0mm, 8.940g     FD456, S117/118, HG-nl, [FN$584]     VF, patchy color from old cleaning


WU ZHU      FROM AD 25    

    H 10 . 1      Wu Zhu     Gongsun Shu, Sichuan Rebel, Iron coin = 2 copper coins. Rim above hole. 25.2mm, 4.180g     FD509, S-nl, HG189/1     crude F
    H 10 . 1a      Wu Zhu     Gongsun Shu, Sichuan Rebel, Iron coin = 2 copper coins. 25.2mm, 3.977g     FD-nl, S-nl, HG-nl     crude F
    H 10 . 25      Wu Zhu     Western Wei, straight lines in Wu and right inner rim distinguish this issue.     S253     Hoard EF, can supply either as-found or cleaned & retoned, as shown. ($3 Each per 5+)
    H 10 . 29      Wu Zhu     Western Han Dynasty, Emp. Wu Di Well-made small pieces which are actually burial money, according to Roger Doo. 12mm     FD597, S208/209/210, HG-nl     EF, green; or EF brown with raised spot (deliberate?) & scratch below hole
    H 10 . 32      Wu Zhu     Eastern Han, Dot above hole, note Zhu is slightly larger than the hole, distinguishing from W. Han issues.     S260     Hoard, probably as-made, but look Fine. Cleaned. Samples shown. ($4 each per 5+)
    H 10 . 33      Wu Zhu     Four horns. Schjoth attributes to Emp. Ling, 184-85 AD; Hua to W. Han. 25.3mm, 3.764g     FD511, S178a, HG177/1     EF


THREE KINGDOMS      221 - 280 AD    

    H 11 . 1      Zhi Bai Wu Zhu     Kingdom of Shu, 221-265. Value one hundred Wu Zhu. 26.3mm, 3.876g (medium weight specimen)     FD515, S181-82, HG226/1     VF, rough edges
    H 11 . 1A      Zhi Bai Wu Zhu     Kingdom of Shu, 221-265. Value one hundred Wu Zhu. 25.9mm, 3.233g (low weight specimen)     FD-nl, S182, HG-nl     Vg-F, rough
    H 11 . A2      Zhi Bai Wu Zhu     Kingdom of Shu, 221-265. Value one hundred Wu Zhu. Wu (Five) incuse at right rev. 28.0mm, 7.264g     FD-nl, S-nl, HG-nl     F-VF
    H 11 . A7      Zhi Bai Wu Zhu     Kingdom of Shu, 221-265. Value one hundred Wu Zhu. Vertical stroke incuse below rev. 27.3mm, 7.072g     FD-nl, S-nl, HG-nl, Coole-10184v     F, rough from old cleaning, retoned
    H 10 . 10      Wu zhu     Kingdom of Shu(?), 221-265. Rough coin with small, neat inscription and rims both sides. 21.4mm, 2.153g     FD525, S-nl, HG-nl     F, crusty
    H 11 . 11      Zhi Bai Wu Zhu     Kingdom of Shu, 221-265. Value one hundred Wu Zhu. Wei (Jianwei district) raised at left rev. 27.1mm, 7.842g     FD519, S183, HG228/4     F+/AF (rough rev.)
    H 11 . 14      Zhi Bai Wu Zhu     Kingdom of Shu, 221-265. Value one hundred Wu Zhu. Iron. 24.0mm, 3.153g     FD521, S-nl, HG229/3     Vg-F
    H 11 . 15      Zhi Bai     Kingdom of Shu, 221-265, or Minor Han. Value one hundred.     FD522, S188, HG229/4     F
    H 11 . A17a      Zhi Bai     Kingdom of Shu, 221-265, or Minor Han. Value one hundred.     FD558v, S-nl, HG229/7     F
    H 11 . A17b      Zhi Bai     Kingdom of Shu, 221-265, or Minor Han. Value one hundred. 11.4mm, 0.308g     FD558, S-nl, HG229/6     AF
    H 11 . A17c      Zhi Bai     Kingdom of Shu, 221-265, or Minor Han. Value one hundred. Three raied vertical lines above rev. 11.4mm, 0.308g     FD-nl, S-nl, HG-nl     Vg+
    H 11 . 18x      Tai Ping Bai Qian     Kingdom of Shu, 221-265, "deers horn" writing of Bai. Modern PRC fake, showing pre-cleaned and cleaned states. NOT FOR SALE.    
    H 11 . 19      Tai Ping Bai Qian     Kingdom of Shu, 221-265, rounded writing of reign title, 25.5 mm, 4.378 g     FD-543, S202v, HG233/1 Sharp characters, but heavily blue encrusted
    H 11 . 20      Tai Ping Bai Qian     Kingdom of Shu, 221-265, angular writing of reign title 24.9 mm, 5.650 g     FD544, S199, HG233/3 F-VF
    H 11 . 24b      Tai Ping Bai Qian     Kingdom of Shu, 221-265. Taiping, one hundred cash. Small size. Rev: Character left, or just some scratching?? As available, a or b:     FD546, S204, HG233/5     AF
    H 11 . 24b      Tai Ping Bai Qian     Kingdom of Shu, 221-265. Taiping, one hundred cash. Small size. Rev: Character left, or just some scratching?? As available, a or b:     FD546, S204, HG233/5     AF
    H 11 . 24R      Tai Ping Bai Qian     Kingdom of Shu, 221-265. Taiping, one hundred cash. Small size, rosette hole. 19.5mm, 0.717g     FD546, S204, HG233/5     F+ for wear, but dark with patchy green
    H 11 . 25a      Tai Ping Bai Qian     Kingdom of Shu, 221-265. Taiping, one hundred cash. Small size, chracter (wu?) scratched right rev. 17.1mm, 1.227g     FD-nl, S-nl, HG-nl     Vg, legible but will not make good scan.
    H 11 . 27b      Ding Ping Yi Bai,     Kingdom of Shu, 221-265. Reverse left: possible character? 16.5 mm, 0.672 g     FD556, S206, H231/1     F-VF
    H 11 . 28      Tai Ping Jin Bai     Kingdom of Shu?, 221-265, 16.3 mm, 0.944 g     FD-nl, S-nl, HG-nl     VF, crusty
    H 11 . 28B      Tai Ping Jin Bai     Kingdom of Shu?, 221-265, Rev: Gong left, 15.7 mm, 0.824 g         F, crusty
    H 11 . 30      Da Quan Wu Bai     Kingdom of Wu, 222-280 Large Coin, Five Hundred. 28.8mm, 6.316g     FD531, S193, HG238/1     F, green
    H 11 . A33      Da Quan Dang Qian     Kingdom of Wu, 222-280 Large Coin, Five Hundred. 28.6mm, 4.839g     FD537, S198a, HG239/3     F
    H 11 . 33      Da Quan Dang Qian     Kingdom of Wu, 222-280 Large Coin, Five Hundred. Dot or line on top of Ta 26.3mm, 3.048g     FD536, S198a, HG240/1     F, somewhat crusty


JIN DYNASTY AND SIXTEEN KINGDOMS      265 - 420 AD    

    H 12 . 7      Han Xing     Cheng Han Kingdom (303 - 347) Li Shou of Sichuan is credited as being the first to use a Reign Title on a coin. Chars. above & below. 17.3mm, 0.722g     FD559, S-nl, HG245/2     F+, rough, cleaned
    H 12 . 4A      Feng Huo     Later Zhao Kingdom (319 - 352) King Shi Le, cast 319 AD. Outer rims; inner rims obv & rev. 24.1mm, 2.172g     FD554v, S-nl, HG243/1v, [FN$262]     Vg+
    H 12 . 4B      Feng Huo     Later Zhao Kingdom (319 - 352) King Shi Le, cast 319 AD. Outer rims; inner rims obv.     FD554, S-nl, HG243/1     VF
    H 12 . 4C      Feng Huo     Later Zhao Kingdom (319 - 352) King Shi Le, cast 319 AD. Large characters. Outer rims; inner rims rev. 23.4mm, 2.339g     FD554, S-nl, HG243/3, [FN$438]     F+
    H 12 . 10      Wu Jin     Xia Kingdom (407- 431) King Wu lie, 407-25. Issued 419-24. 21.mm, 1.378g     FD662v, S-nl, HG191/2v    
    H 12 . 15      Ban Liang     Eastern Jin Dynasty (317 - 420) "Chicken Eye" Banliang attributed to this dynasty by Roger Doo. 13.2mm, 0.418g     FD411, S210B, HG160/2     VF, dark


NORTH AND SOUTH DYNASTIES      420 - 581 AD    

    H 13 . 1      Si Zhu     Southern Song Dynasty (420 - 479), Emp. Wen, 424-53, Four Zhu, issued 430/31 AD, light coin with inner rims. 21.5mm, 1.241g     FD562, S215, HG247/2     F, crusty (Vg)
    H 13 . 4      Xiao Jian / Si Zhu     Southern Song Dynasty (420 - 479), Emp. Xiao, 453-64, Xiaojian, Four Zhu, Large variety, 21.1mm, 2.248g     FD568, S218, HG249/2     F, crusty
    H 13 . A14      Xiao Jian / blank     Southern Song Dynasty (420 - 479), Emp. Xiao, 453-64, Xiaojian, Thin, light piece with full rims. 20.0mm, 0.525g     FD-nl, S-nl, HG-nl     clear F
    H 13 . 14      Xiao Jian / blank     Southern Song Dynasty (420 - 479), Emp. Xiao, 453-64, Xiaojian, No outer rims; appears as a cut-down piece, but apparently cast this way. 16.5mm, 0.734g     FD580, S221v, HG250/6     F+
    H 13 . 18      Tai Huo Liu Zhu     Chen Dynasty (557 - 589), Emp. Xuan, 569-82 The Large coin, six zhu, issued 579. 25.13mm 3.67g nail mark rev.     FD599, S243, HG259/1,2     EF, slightly crusty
    H 13 . 23      Yong An Wu Zhu     Northern Wei Dynasty (386 - 534), Emp. Xiao Zhuang, 528-30, issued 529. #1: 22.7mm, 2.030g; #2: 21.2mm, 2.175g     FD609, S239v, HG266/3     VF/+
    H 13 . 24      Yong An Wu Zhu     Northern Wei Dynasty (386 - 534), Emp. Xiao Zhuang, 528-30, issued 529. Small, probably private issue. 20.6mm, 1.446g     FD608, S239, HG265/2     VF
    H 13 . 25X      Yong An Wu Zhu     Northern Wei Dynasty (386 - 534), Emp. Xiao Zhuang, 528-30. Rev: Tu above, but pasted on. We have stamped COPY. 22.8mm, 3.330g     FD610, S241v, HG266/4     AVF
    H 13 . 27      Chang Ping Wu Zhu     Northern Qi Dynasty (550 - 577), Emp. Wen Xuan, 550-59. Issued 553. 24.6mm, 3.669g     FD613, S242, HG268/1     VF
    H 13 . 29      Bu Quan     Northern Zhou Dynasty (557 - 581), Emp. Wu, 561-78. Issued 561. 25.7mm, 4.716g     FD639, S245, HG269/2     VF, cleaned
    H 13 . 30      Wu Xing Da Bu     Northern Zhou Dynasty (557 - 581), Emp. Wu, 561-78. Issued 574. Largest size. 27.5mm, 5.163g     FD640v, S246, HG270/1     EF
    H 13 . 30a      Wu Xing Da Bu     Northern Zhou Dynasty (557 - 581), Emp. Wu, 561-78. Issued 574. Medium size. 26.5mm, 3.434g     FD640, S247, HG270/1     VF
    H 13 . 31      Wu Xing Da Bu     Northern Zhou Dynasty (557 - 581), Emp. Xuan, 579-81. Issued 579. Large size. 30.2mm, 5.179g     FD641, S248, HG271/1     VF-EF
    H 13 . 32      Yong Tong Wan Guo     Northern Zhou Dynasty (557 - 581), Emp. Wu, 561-78. Issued 574. Large size. 29mm, 6.18g     FD641, S248, HG271/1     EF
    H 13 . 33      Yong Tong Wan Guo     Northern Zhou Dynasty (557 - 581), Emp. Wu, 561-78. Issued 574. Small size. 24.1mm, 1.921g     FD645, S251, HG272/1     EF
    H 13 . 35      Tai Qing Feng Le     Liang Dynasty (502 - 557), Emp. Wu Ti, 502-49 Issued 547-49. Four horns rev. A hoard piece, possibly from the hoard mentioned in Hartill. The price in China dropped recently. 22.8mm, 2.719g     FD666, S-nl, HG276/1, [FN$117]     EF, crusty
    H 13 . 40      Wu Zhu     Liang Dynasty (502 - 557), Emp.gao Zhu, 502-49 Schjoth's attribution confirmed by Roger Doo. Robust wuzhu with prominent rims. 25.0mm, 2.868g     FD587, S223, HG258/1     VF-EF
    H 13 . 41      Wu Zhu     Liang Dynasty (502 - 557), Emp. Wu Ti(?), 502-49 Crude iron piece with rims; four horns rev. 20.6mm, 2.500g.     FD591, S232, HG255/2, Hartill 10.18     AF
    H 13 . 42      Wu Zhu     Liang Dynasty (502 - 557), Emp. Shi Zhu, 549-53 "Two pillar" wuzhu with dots obv, inner rim rev. 22.6mm, 2.370g     FD595, S233, HG255/3, Hartill 10.19     F
    H 13 . 43      Wu Zhu     Liang Dynasty (502 - 557), Emp. Jing Di, 555-57 "Two pillar" wuzhu with dots obv, dots rt. and left rev. 23.1mm, 2.161g     FD596, S-nl, HG256/1, Hartill 10.20     F+
    H 13 . 45      Wu Zhu     Western Wei Dynasty (535 - 557), Emp. Hou Yi, 535-56. Inner rim right. 24.6mm, 3.266g     FD651, S253, HG267/1, Hartill 10.25     Hoard EF-UC, some crust
    H 13 . 48      Wu Zhu     Qiu Zi (Xinjiang, Kucha area), Rev: inscription in Karosthi, possbly "50" or 5 chu. 18.1mm, 1.325g     FD-nl, S-nl, HG190/3, XN67a, Hartill 10.49     G-Vg, broken in 3 pieces
    FD664

TANG DYNASTY      618 - 907 AD    

    H 14 . 1      Kai Yuan, Early     Wu de Kai Yuan, with Jing (Central part of Kai) above inner rim. Grey color from high tin content. 24.6mm, 4.176g     HG283/6, Doo-Ty1     AVF
    H 14 . 101      Qian Yuan zhong bao     Emp. Su Zong, 756-62 AD, 10 Cash, minted 758-59 AD, 29.3mm, about 7-8.7gm, salvage from a ship found in a Shaanxi river. Some sellers still asking $35 for this one.     S352     Never circulated, nicely cleaned, they will retone in time. Average weight pieces $6 Each/5+; Single 8+ gm. specimens:
    H 14 . 105b      Qian Yuan zhong bao     Value 50, light version 10.5gm Scarcer than heavy version         VF
    H 14 . 130      Da Li yuan bao     Emp. Dai Zong, 766-79 Cast in Kuche, Xinjiang. 23mm, 3.266g     FFD703 H303/5     VF, green
    H 14 . 133A      Jian Zhong tong bao     Emp. De Zong, 780-83 Small characters variety. Cast in Kuche, Xinjiang. 22mm, 2.696g     FD705 H305/1     F, rough
    H 14 . 133      Jian Zhong tong bao     Emp. De Zong, 780-83 Large characters variety. Cast in Kuche, Xinjiang. 22mm, 2.696g     FFD704 H305/3     AVF
    H 14 . 140      De Yi yuan bao     Tang Rebel Shi Siming, 758-61 36 mm, 12.146g Plain reverse, scarcer than with crescent     HG315/1, S407v, [FN$876 presumably for commonere crescent type]     VF / rough reverse
    H 14 . 147      Shun Tian yuan bao     Tang Rebel Shi Siming, 758-61 Rev: crescent above 36.0 mm, 18.030 g     FFD752, S409, HG318/1, [FN$146]     AVF


FIVE DYNASTIES / TEN KINGDOMS      907 - 960 AD    

    H 15 . 5b      Han Yuan tong bao     Later Han Dynasty, Emp. Gao Zu, 947-48 Han: short left foot, Bao: closed bei     HG-nl     AF
    H 15 . 5c      Han Yuan tong bao     Later Han Dynasty, Emp. Gao Zu, 947-48 Han: Raised off center line, Long left foot, Bao: closed bei     HG-nl     VF
    H 15 . 11      Han Yuan tong bao     Later Han Dynasty, Emp. Gao Zu, 947-48 Obv: Dot below tong     S411a, H331/3     crusty, but sharp EF
    H 15 . 31      Tong Zheng yuan bao     Former Shu Kingdom: Wang Jian, 9-7-18     FFD771, S429, HG336/2     F
    H 15 . 42      Qian De yuan bao     Former shu Kingdom: Wang Yan 919-25     FFD775, S433, H340/1     F
    H 15 . 53      Kai Yuan tong bao     Kingdom of Min: Wang Shenzhi, 909-942 Lead, Rev: Fu above, sun below 23.4 mm, 4.329 g         AF
    H 15 . 57      Yong Long tong bao     Kingdom of Min: Wang Yanxi Rev: Min above, crescent, dot. Large 40mm iron coin.     FD782, HG347/2     F/G
    H 15 . 62      Qian Feng quan bao     Kingdom of Chu: Ma Yin, 907-51 Rev: Tian abv. IRON 40mm     FD796, S448, HG354/1     Vg
    H 15 . 75      Guang Zheng tong bao     Later Shu Kingdom: Meng Chang, 23.0 mm, 3.554 g     FD803 HG360/3     Vg
    H 15 . 91      Tang Guo tong bao     Southern Tang Kingdom: Emp. Yuan Zu, 943-61 Rev: Crescent above, 19.5 mm, 1.734 g     S444v, HG372/1     VF-EF, a bit crusty
    H 15 . 97      Da Tong tong bao     Southern Tang Kingdom: Emp. Yuan Zu, 943-61 Rev: crescent abv.     HG376/1     clear but dark VG
    H 15 . 112a      Qian Heng tong bao     Southern Han Kingdom: Emp. Lie Zu, 917-42 Rev: yong (narrow)     H396/1v     crude F-VF, samples shown
    H 15 . 112b      Qian Heng tong bao     Southern Han Kingdom: Emp. Lie Zu, 917-42 Rev: yong (wide) Larger, better-made coin that the narrow yong variety.     FD887, S436m, H396/2     crude F-VF, samples shown
    H 15 . 129      Kai Yuan tong bao     "Great Yue / Han" Dynasty, Small lead coin, Rev: si (4) above & below 19 mm, 2.683 g         weak F


NORTHERN SONG DYNASTY      1127 - 1279 AD    

    H 16 . 4A      Song Yuan tong bao     Right hook yuan, plain rev. Rare variety. 25.1 mm, 3.862 g     HG409/3v     F
    H 16 . 5      Song Yuan tong bao     IRON 23.0 mm, 4.213g     HG412/2     F
    H 16 . 10r      Song Yuan tong bao     Small chars., Rev: Dot SW, no inner rim, crudely cast. 23.0mm, 4.381g Comments?        
    H 16 . 46/47      Xian Ping yuan bao     Broad rims 4.66gm, 27mm     S470, FD878     VG, patchy color but characters clear
    H 16 . 51b      Jing De yuan bao     IRON, Value 10, variety with larger De 35.3 mm; 15.248 g     FD882, S472, HG427/5     F+
    H 16 . 69b      Tian Xi tong bao     Larger, thin rim variety 25.5 mm, 2.759 g     H436/5, GKFD480.07, S480v     AF
    H 16 . 72b      Tian Xi tong bao     IRON, Value 2, Variety: straight bao 28.4 mm, 6.710 g     S483, HG437/1, GKFD483a?     Vg
    H 16 . 80      Tian Sheng yuan bao     IRON Large hole, large Yuan & Bao     HG438/6     AVg
    H 16 . 81B      Tian Sheng yuan bao     IRON Small hole, smaller Yuan & Bao in regular style     FD898, S488, HG439/1     AF
    H 16 . 86      Ming Dao yuan bao     IRON 2? Cash Only iron of this reign and reportedly one of three known. 29.1 mm, 7.422 g     HG441/1     Vg
    H 16 . 112b      Huang Song tong bao     Cash, "slender script" variety. 24.0 mm, 3.388 g     S500, G499.61     F+, rough rim
    H 16 . 124      Qing Li zhhong bao     3 Cash, Top of Li well below center rim, left stroke reaches bottom.     S505v, G505.01     EF
    H 16 . 124c      Qing Li zhhong bao     3 Cash, top of Li even with center rim. Not in Kosen Daizen     S505v     VF+
    H 16 . 124d      Qing Li zhhong bao     3 Cash, top of Li even with center rim, and wavy. Not in Kosen Daizen , and supplier considers it rare.     S505v     EF
    H 16 . 126      Qing Li zhhong bao     IRON 3 Cash 35 mm, 12.207 g     FD915, HG450/2, G505.03     F+
    H 16 . 126b      Qing Li zhhong bao     IRON 3 Cash, small characters 34.4 mm, 11.718 g     HG450/1     F+
    H 16 . 142A      Zhi He zhong bao     2 Cash MOTHER Rev: Guo 32.4 mm, 10.643 g Probably for casting iron coins, though none are known. Said to be one of 5 known specimens.     FD929, HG456/1     F, damaged inner hole from use as a doorknob plate.
    H 16 . 210v      Yuan Feng tong bao     Cash seal script Said to be a scarce variety. 23,5 mm, 2.611 g     G545.201?     VF, badly cast
    H 16 . 227A      Yuan Feng tong bao     2 Cash seal script Rev: inverted, angled crescent above 28.8 mm, 6.460 g     S555, not found in any other reference!     AF
    H 16 . 229b      Yuan Feng tong bao     IRON 3 Cash Seal script Large coin, large chars. 33.9 mm, 12.879 g     S560     AVG
    H 16 . 236v      Yuan Feng tong bao     Cash running (cursive) script. Said to be a scarce variety. 24.3 mm, 4.053 g         VF
    H 16 . 271b      Yuan Feng tong bao     IRON 3 Cash Seal script, small bao     FD988, S580, HG493/3, G-nl     EF-UC, lustre!, rough edges
    H 16 . 298      Shao Sheng yuan bao     IRON Cash Small chars. 24.7 mm, 5.529 g     FD998, HG501/1     G
    H 16 . 336b      Yuan Fu tong bao     IRON 3 Cash Sal script, narrow fields (24mm) 33 mm, 13.332 g     FD1015, HG513/1, G-nl     VF
    H 16 . 374b      Sheng Song yuan bao     IRON 2 Cash Li script. Bao broad, top leans right 31.4 mm, 8.508 g     S618v, FD1030     F+
    H 16 . 374c      Sheng Song yuan bao     IRON 2 Cash Li script, Yuan has tall, straight foot 29.6 mm, 8.189 g     S618v, HG528/1     Vg
    H 16 . 383A      Sheng Song yuan bao     Cash, unusual script, low relief coin. Is this even Chinese? Opinions sought! 24.0 mm, 2.490 g     Not in any reference?     F
    H 16 . 388A      Sheng Song yuan bao     IRON Cash, very thick (2mm), 25.2 mm, 8.552 g     FD1028, S615, H526/6     AG
    H 16 . 403      Sheng Song yuan bao     IRON 3 Cash Slender gold script 32.1 mm. 11.426 g         VF but lumps on surface
    H 16 . 422      Da Guan tong bao     IRON 2-3 Cash 31.2 mm, 10.567 g     FD1069v, S632v, HG563/1v     F+
    H 16 . 426      Da Guan tong bao     10 Cash 41.3 mm, 18.104 g     FD1062, (S630), HG559/1     VF-EF
    H 16 . 435b      Zheng He tong bao     2 Cash, Seal script, square Bao, slant top Zheng, rarest variety 29.0 mm, 7.989 g     S638, HG581/2v, G638.05     VF but very patchy color
    H 16 . 452b      Zheng He tong bao     IRON 3 Cash Li script 32.5 mm, 12.823 g     FD1088, S646v     EF, light scratches in field, irregular reverse
    H 16 . 465b      Chong He tong bao     Cash Seal script Note peak of Bao and NW corner of Tong for subtle calligraphy difference vs. Hartill's specimen. 25.5 mm, 3.351 g     FD1095, HG593/1, G647a.02     VF
    H 16 . 474b      Xuan He tong bao     IRON Cash Seal script Narrow Xuan 24 mm, 5.918 g     FD1117, S663     G
    H 16 . 482z      Xuan He tong bao     Cash Li script Supplier claims it is a rare variety & charged accordingly. I can't find in Gorny; note bold top dot in Tong. 25.2 mm, 3.487 g     S653v     EF
    H 16 . 500A      Xuan He tong bao     Cash, Shaanxi style, but without mint reverse. Tong appears to match FD 1110 vs. Hartill or FS specimens. 24.0 mm, 2.582 g     FD1110     Vg
    H 16 . 513      Jing Kang tong bao     IRON Cash Seal script 23.4mm, 6.526g, about 2.7mm thick!     FD1139, S669, HG621/3     F+, rubbed with clay to enhance characters


SOUTHERN SONG DYNASTY      960 - 1127 AD    

    H 17 . 4b      Jian Yan tong bao     Cash Seal script small chars. 23.8mm, 3.277g     HG628/5, KFD262/2. G673.07, (S673)     AVF
    H 17 . 33      Jian Yan tong bao     3 Cash Rare calligraphy variety     FD1152     VF
    H 17 . 34      Jian Yan zhong bao     3 Cash Seal script 33mm     FD1157     AVF
    H 17 . 52      Shao Xing tong bao     Cash Regular script, plain rev. 24.5mm, 3.029g     FD1164, S689A, HG640/2, KFD272/1     F+, crusty
    H 17 . 60b      Shao Xing tong bao     IRON 2 Cash Regular script, plain rev. Large Tong 29.1mm, 4.541g     S692, HG643/2     Vg
    H 17 . 65      Long Xing yuan bao     2 Cash Seal script Narrow Long 30.0mm, 7.422g     FD1175v, S698, HG645/1, KFD275/2     Vg
    H 17 . 76      Long Xing yuan bao     2 Cash Regular script Small Bao, large Yuan 28.9mm, 4.435g     S699, HG645/2, KFD275/3     AF, rough surface, patchy color
    H 17 . 93+      Qian Dao yuan bao     IRON 2 Cash: H17.93 Large coin & chars. 29.0mm, 8.416g G $12; H17.94 Smaller coin & chars. 28.2mm, 6.782g AF        
    H 17 . 109+      Qian Dao yuan bao     IRON Cash: H17.109 Rev: blank Vg+ $20; H17.114 Song above F/Vg $27.50; H17.114b Large Yuan G/Pr $10; H17.118x Tong above but light, crude; contemp fake? $7; H17.120 Tong below F/G $20; H17.122 Tong left, crescent below Vg+        
    H 17 . 344+      Shao Xi yuan bao     IRON 2 Cash: H17.344 yr. 4, H17.345 yr. 5 These and Yr. 3 often found in exceptional grade.         EF, each:
    H 17 . 385L      Qing Yuan tong bao     Cash Set of Yr. 1-6, plus extra yr. 2 with rosette hole     S788-93     VG-AEF, Lot:
    H 17 . 391+      Qing Yuan tong bao     IRON Cash ABRL Chun above yr. 1 S808 VF-EF $25; Yr. 2 VF/Vg        
    H 17 . 395+      Qing Yuan tong bao     IRON Cash ARBL Chun above yrs. 3, 4, 5, 6     S805, 806     VF
    H 17 . 405      Qing Yuan tong bao     IRON Cash Han above yr. 5, only common year for type     S807     VF
    H 17 . 406+      Qing Yuan tong bao     IRON Cash Tong above yrs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6     S803, 804     VF, Each:
    H 17 . 414L      Qing Yuan tong bao     2 Cash Set of Yr. 1-6, plus extra yr. 3 with rosette hole     S794-799     VF, Lot:
    H 17 . 420      Qing Yuan tong bao     IRON 2 Cash ABRL Chun above yr. 1     S821     Vg
    H 17 . 422+      Qing Yuan tong bao     IRON 2 Cash ARBL Chun above yrs. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6     S813-816     VF, Each:
    H 17 . 429      Qing Yuan tong bao     IRON 2 Cash Han above yr. 1     S821     F
    H 17 . 431+      Qing Yuan tong bao     IRON 2 Cash Han above yrs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6     S817-820     VF-EF, Each:
    H 17 . 445+      Qing Yuan tong bao     3 Cash Yrs. 4, 5, 6     S800-802     VF-EF, Each:
    H 17 . 452+      Qing Yuan tong bao     IRON 3 Cash Above: 2 dots & crescent; Below: 50, 54 (Lg. Yuan), 54 (Sm. Yuan), 56 None clear.     S830-833     Mostly G-VG/Pr, Each:
    H 17 . 506b      Jia Tai tong bao     3 Cash 34.3 mm, 11.020 g     S843), FD1809, HG711/6, KFD308/5     VF+ but crusty
    H 17 . 537      Sheng Song zhong bao     IRON 5 Cash 24.4 mm, 12.001 g Scarce reign title     FD1450, S875, HG750     G/Pr
    H 17 . 634b      Jia Ding yuan bao     10 Cash Larger chars. than published examples 42.12g, 54mm     FD1417v, S959. HG733/2v     AVF
    H 17 . 675b      Bao Qing yuan bao     IRON Cash Han above, crescent below Small chars. 25.7 mm, 4.971 g Rare reign title     FD1451, HG751/1     F
    H 17 . 676      Bao Qing yuan bao     IRON 2 Cash Rev: Hui above, 3 san below, but unclear. 32.5 mm, 14.100 g     HG751/4     G+/Pr
    H 17 . 719      Shao Ding tong bao     IRON 3 Cash Rev: "5" but invisible on this specimen 32.6 mm, 8.668 g     FD1486, HG762/1, KFD338/10     F/Pr
    H 17 . 721b      Duan Ping yuan bao     Cash yr. 1 23.8 mm, 3.661 g     FD1487, S981, HG763/2, KFD340/2     VF+
    H 17 . 727b      Duan Ping yuan bao     IRON 5 Cash Rev: Ding wu above, Bei shang below Center hole solid with circular depression, as in a mother cash. Genuine? Your thoughts welcome.     FD1494, S986, HG764/3     Vg+
    H 17 . 741+      Duan Ping tong bao     5 Cash Varieties: Tall Bao with open bei, Short bao with closed bei 35.8 mm, 11.244 g, 36.0 mm, 13.156 g     FD1498, S983, G769/3, KFD341/5; HG769/2, KFD341/2     VF/+ Each:
    H 17 . 777      Jia Xi zhong bao     5 Cash specimen a) 36.9 mm, 12.733 g; b) 36.8 mm, 14.772 g     FD1517, S999, HG777/1, KFD346/2     VF, Each:
    H 17 . 827      Kai Qing tong bao     Cash yr. 1 24.6 mm, 3.310 g     FD1571, S1036, HG788/1, KFD355/1     F+ brown
    H 17 . 828      Kai Qing tong bao     2 Cash yr. 1 29.2 mm, 6.121 g     FD1572, S1037. HG788/2, KFD355/3     F+ green
    H 17 . 836+      Jing Ding yuan bao     2 Cash Each: yrs. 1, 2 crusty F-VF $10; yr. 3 VF $15; scarcer yrs. 4, 5 crusty F-VF $15     FD 1578-1582, S1043-1048, HG790/2-6    

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TARTAR DYNASTIES      1115 - 1280 AD    

    H 18 . 11b      LIAO: Zhong Xi tong bao     Cash small chars. variety (commonest) 23.5 mm, 3.491 g     FD1621, S1065, HG817/3     VF
    H 18 . 17      LIAO: Da An yuan bao     Cash Robust coin, short An: 24.4mm, 3.167g Rosette hole Vg, green $40; 24.1mm, 3.414g F, brown     FD1626, S1070, HG824/1    
    H 18 . 18      LIAO: Da An yuan bao     Cash Small, light coins, Tall An: H18.18(a) 22.mm, 2.565g F D1627, HG824/2 Vg+ $150; H18.18b 21.9 mm, 1.730 g HG824/3 AVF        
    H 18 . 21      LIAO: Qian Tong yuan bao     Cash Two specimens with identical? calligraphy. I am suspicious of #2 because Tong tilts with the rosette center rim while the other characters do not. What does this mean? Other than this, the two pieces are more similar than their images indicate because #2 has been cleaned (except the edge) and is less worn. The interior metal color is comparable as are shape and patination of edges. The pimpling on #2 can be laid to very little wear; note the flattened (worn) pimples on rev. of #1.     #1: 23.4mm, 3.561g; #2 23.7mm, 3.852g FD1629, S1073, HG826/2; Offering #1:     VF
    H 18 . 43+      JIN: Da Ding tong bao     Cash Chars rev: H18.43 Shen above FD1641, S1087, HG842/2 F+ $12; H10.47 You above FD1643, S1089, HG843/1 VF        
    H 18 . 60      JIN: Tai He tong bao     3 Cash Large chars., normal rim 30.8 mm, 7.198 g     HG847/6     F
    H 18 . 91      W. XIA: Da An Bao Qian     Tangut script 23.1 mm, 3.636 g     FD1679, HG861/2     Vg
    H 18 . 97      W. XIA: Tian Sheng yuan bao     Cash Commonest of dynasty. None of this dynasty are as well cast as contemporary Song coins.     FD1683, S1078, HG866/1     As-made hoard coins, samples shown (bottom left is cleaned and retoned), with green patina as found, or cleaned, your choice:
    H 18 . 99b      W. XIA: Tian Sheng yuan bao     IRON Cash Small Yuan 22.8 mm, 3.285 g     FD1684, HG866/3     crude F
    H 18 . 102      W. XIA: Qian You yuan bao     Cash 23.7 mm, 4.493 g     FD1686, S1079, HG868/1, J426     EF
    H 18 . 104      W. XIA: Qian You yuan bao     IRON Cash a) Tall Bao 24.2 mm, 3.637 rough VF b) Short Bao 24.6 mm, 3.812 g rough F     FD1689, S1080, HG868/5     Each:
    H 18 . 106      W. XIA: Tian Qing yuan bao     Cash 23.9 mm, 5.554 g     FD1691, HG870/1, J427     bold F


YUAN DYNASTY      1280 - 1368 AD    

    H 19 . 1b      Da Chao tong bao     SILVER Cash Genghis Khan? Rev: Incuse mark NW 21.3 mm, 3.453 g     FD1696     G
    H 19 . 46      Da Yuan tong bao     10 Cash Mongol Script Var: Closed-mouth Da 42.6 mm, 24.014 g     FD1733, S1099, HG888/3     VF, green
    H 19 . 99      Zhi Zheng tong bao     2 Cash Rev: xin mao (1351) 29.8 mm, 5.961 g     FD1791, HG908/5     EF/VF
    H 19 . 100      Zhi Zheng tong bao     2 Cash Rev: ren chen (1352)     FD1792, HG908/6     EF
    H 19 . 109      Zhi Zheng tong bao     3? Cash Rev: Sam / San Var: Sm. chars., broad rim 35.0 mm, 9.958 g     FD1803, S1110, HG911/5     AVF/AF, very crusty
    H 19 . 115      Zhi Zheng tong bao     10 Cash Rev: Shih above 44.2mm, 23.56gm     FD 1808, S1111     VF
    H 19 . 137      Tian You tong bao     (Rebel) 3 Cash San in Seal script above 33.9 mm, 9.264 g     FD1841, HG925/1     VF
    H 19 . 142      Tian Ding tong bao     (Rebel) Cash     FD1833, S1122, HG928/1     EF


MING DYNASTY      1368 - 1644 AD    

    H 20 . 33      Da Zhong tong bal     5 Cash a) usual type 39.5 mm, 14.507 g F+ $45; sharp VF+ (not shown) $65; b) Larger chars, protruding bei 40.6 mm, 14.922 g EF     FD1874, S1132, HG944/2    
    H 20 . 57L      Hong Wu tong bao     Cash Lot of 9 pieces, mostly different types / varieties        
    H 20 . 67      Hong Wu tong bao     Cash Gui above a) usual type 25.6 mm, 2.876 g VF/F $15; b) Gui wider & very different script. Known from a specialized Japanese work. 22.7 mm, 3.023 g F/Vg     FD1902, S1150, HG959/5    
    H 20 . 111x      Hong Wu tong bao     10 Cash Rev: Shi / Yi Liang This forger is getting sloppy: Obv. & Shi are used for multiple types, but the Yi Liang are stuck on the master poorly.        
    H 20 . 111g      Hong Wu tong bao     10 Cash Rev: Shi / Yi Liang Small rev. chars., also distinctive Tong. Found only in Shanghai Museum V.5 #388; not in Showa Senpu. S1158v, FD194v         AVF, cleaned & lacquered
    H 20 . 121L      Yong Le tong bao     Cash Two genuine and two later copies of this much-copied reign title.     FD1958, S1166     F-EF
    H 20 . 167A      Wan Li tong bao     2 Cash Six-stroke bei & other differences. Scarcer of two known varieties, missing from Ding and HG. 27.6 mm, 4.453 g     Showa Senpu 3/210m    
    H 20 . 168      Tai Chang tong bao     Cash H20.268b 24.5 mm, 3.603 g VF+ $15; H20.168x 21.9 mm, 1.316 g Vietnamese copy     FD1984, S1199, HG1015/1, KM20.1    
    H 20 . 193      Tian Qi tong bao     Cash Rev: Hu above a) 26.1 mm, 6.186 g FD1990, S1207, HG1021/4, KM26 Hoard UC, crusty $20; b) low Tong, large Hu 26.5 mm, 5.452 g SS3/212i? Hoard UC, crusty        
    H 20 . 226      Tian Qi tong bao     10 Cash Rev: Shih above 46.9 mm, 22.053 g     FD2017, S1221, HG1030/2, KM46     F
    H 20 . 229      Tian Qi tong bao     10 Cash b) "triangle" head Tong, 7-stroke bei, large, plain Shih S1223, SS3/216b common AVF 27.50; c) similar, left-hook top stroke Tian, small Shih FD2020?, SS-nl common? F $30; H) Different type: Large chars., Flat-head Tong, six-stroke bei, small "+" shaped Shih, small Yi Liang HG1032/1, one of two varieties he lists. A knowledgeable supplier charged $230 for this F+ $200; x) Note pimpling, skimpy inner rim. Likely modern forgery.        
    H 20 . 261      Chong Zhen tong bao     Cash Rev: Yi Qian 25 mm, 3.287 g     FD2031, S1241, HG1042/5, KM64     F, cleaned
    H 20 . 264      Chong Zhen tong bao     Cash Rev: Yi Qian (variant script) 23.8 mm, 3.019 g     FD2032, HG1042/4     VF
    H 20 . 301      Chong Zhen tong bao     Cash Rev: Ying     FD2071, S1267, HG1051/1, KM84     AVF
    H 20 . 311      Chong Zhen tong bao     Cash Rev: Hu Jiu     FD2047, S1250, HG1041/2, KM71     VF+
    H 20 . 318A      Chong Zhen tong bao     Cash Rev: A: Jiu (Fisher reads as Yan)     FD2055     VF, cleaned but retoning
    H 20 . 323      Chong Zhen tong bao     Cash Rev: Ba Qian     FD2036, S1244, HG1045/1, KM67, SS3/219g     EF but rough, cleaned
    H 20 . 329      Chong Zhen tong bao     5 Cash Rev: Hu Wu 34.1 mm, 9.785 g     FD2093, HG1060/6, KM109     F, scratches
    H 20 . 331      Chong Zhen tong bao     5 Cash Rev: Jian Wu 34.2 mm, 10.557 g     FD2095, S1284, HG1061/1, KM111     AF


SOUTHERN MING & QING REBELS      1644 - 1681 AD    

    H 21 . 3      Yong Chang tong bao     Cash Yong withtwo strokes at top 24.0 mm, 3.984 g     S1323 HG1084/1?, KM128.1     F
    H 21 . 3A      Yong Chang tong bao     Cash Yong with dot and stroke at top 24.6 mm, 3.606 g     Not in usual references.     VF
    H 21 . 11      Xing Chao tong bao     5 Cash Rev: Wu Li a) Small chars. Bao cap below rim, short horizontal in Xing, lg. chars. rev.    b) Medium chars., small rev. (note Bao & horizontal stroke in Xing)    c) Large chars.     d) Rev: larger 5    e)Huge chars. both sides (VF+ $25)     FD2142, S1332, HG1092/2, KM177.1?     As available: VF-EF $8.50, hoard EF-UC
    H 21 . 12b      Xing Chao tong bao     5 Cash Rev: Wu Li Var: sq. head Tong, open Bei (two shown)         EF
    H 21 . 25      Da Ming tong bao     Cash, large characters 25.4 mm, 3.748 g     FD2099, S1285, HG1064/2, KM115     F
    H 21 . 29      Da Ming tong bao     Cash small characters Rev: Shuai rt.     FD2103, HG1065/4, KM117.2     UC, filing scratches
    H 21 . 34      Misc Ming (5) S1293, 1294, 1339, 1340, 1353            
    H 21 . 73      Yong Li tong bao     Cash Rev: Er Li 25.4 mm, 5.223     FD2127, S1314, HG1080/3, KM146     EF, rough from mint filing
    H 21 . 79      Yong Li tong bao     10 Cash Small (±36mm) Type: Top stroke Li: a) Short top Bao, open Bei, small high Fen;    b) Long top Bao, closed Bei, large low Fen     FD2132, S1321, HG1083/2, KM157     Each: Mint scratches, VF-EF $12, hoard EF-UC
    H 21 . 80      Yong Li tong bao     10 Cash Small (±36mm) Type: No top stroke Li: a) Hartill rubbing, bowed radical in Tong, Bao cap above center rim;    b) straight radical, small head Tong, large Yang     c) small Yang, large Fen         Each: Mint scratches, hoard EF-UC
    H 21 . 86A      Li Yong tong bao     Cash Rev: Gong above 23.0 mm, 2.343 g From a reliable source at a high price. Published example known??        
    H 21 . 87b      Li Yong tong bao     Cash Tong: Triangle head, Rev: Li right, tall narrow Li Sample shown from a hoard group.     FD2146, S1336     EF-UC
    H 21 . 92b      Li Yong tong bao     Cash Small chars., square head Tong Var: Left radical of Tong differs from Hartill (&SS) specimen. 24.6 mm, 3.276 g     SS3/437a     EF
    H 21 . 93      Li Yong tong bao     Cash Tong: Squared head, Rev: Li right     FD2149, S1336     brown Vg $2; VF-EF, irregular patina
    H 21 . 101      Li Yong tong bao     10 Cash Yi Fen riggh & left 38.1 mm, 13.134 g     FD2154, S1342, HG1099/1     Hoard EF-UC, mint filing scratches
    H 21 . 111      Zhao Wu tong bao     10 Cash Seal script 34.7 mm, 11.917 g     FD2161, S1347, HG1103/3     F
    H 21 . 122      Yu Min tong bao     Cash 24.5 mm, 2.949 g     FD2165, S1352, HG1107/1, KM217.1     VG


EARLY QING RULERS      1616 - 1643    

    H 22 . 2e (Nurhachi 1616-26) Abkai fulingga han jiha in Manchu script     Cash, Scarcer "pointed F" Mint (possibly BoW), 5.20gm     S1355, Burger 1/8, not in Hartill Qing, (Hartill Cast illustrates H22.2i = Burger 2/8)     AVF
    H 22 . 4 (Nurhachi 1616-26) Tian Ming tong bao     One dot tong, 24.5mm, Heavy variety: 6.2gm First of dynasty with Chinese reign title.     S1356     VF, nice for type
    H 22 . 8 (Abahai 1627-43) 10 Cash Sure han ni jiha,     Rev: Juwan / Emu yan. Commonest variety: Tall obv. chars., "T" head Emu yan, 43.6 mm, 25.428 g     FD2175v, H1112/1, Burger pl. 2 upper right     Vg/Pr


SHUN ZHI      1644 - 1661    

    H 22 . 11E      BoR Old Mint     Rev: Dot incuse above rim. Burger attributes to 1644.     B1/3/9, HQ5.2v     F
    H 22 . 11G?      BoR Old Mint     Rev: Lump on right side inner rim (not an incuse dot). Is this the piece shown in Burger's table, or a casting error?     B1/3/11?, HQ5.2v     F
    H 22 . 12      BoR New Mint?     Rev: Circle above     S1389, HG1115/3, B1/2/10, or 1/3/6, KM272, HQ5.6     Vg/F casting flaws
    H 22 . 15      BoR Old Mint     Rev: Yi right     FD2178, HG1115/5, KM273, B1/2/9     VF
    H 22 . 19f      BoR Old Mint     Rev: Hu right Obv. as B2/2/3 but rev. B2/2/5 Unusually thick Hu with tail touching rim. Is this a rarity unknown to Burger?     B2/2/3     VF+
    H 22 . 20      BoR Old Mint     Rev: Hu above. 1652 only according to Burger.     FD2180, HG1116/2, B2/2/7, KM242, HQ5.18     VF/G
    H 22 . 26      HENAN     Rev: He above     FD2184, S1364, HG1119/5, KM244, HQ14.2     sharp VF
    H 22 . 28      HUBEI: Jingzhou     Rev: Jing abv. one-year type, 1651, according to Burger. Mintmark is bolder than scan shows.     FD2201, S1375, BSCT2/125, HG1120/2, KM255, HQ15.2     F/Vg
    H 22 . 35      SHANDONG: Linqing     Rev: Lin rt.     FD2187, S1365, HG1118/1     F+
    H 22 . 51      ZHILI: Xuanhua     Rev: Xuan above     FD2189, S1368, HG1119/9, B2/4/5, KM248, HQ27.131     VF


YONG ZHENG      1723 - 1735    



QIAN LONG      1736 - 1795    



JIA QING      1796 - 1820    



DAO GUANG      1821 - 1850    



XIAN FENG      1851 - 1861    

    H 22 . 704      BoR 50 Cash     Large, North branch 55mm     FD2427, C1-7     VF
    H 22 . 710      BoR 100 Cash     West Branch 52mm     HG1308/1, C1.8     EF, matte surface
    H 22 . 717      BoR 100 Cash Sun & Moon     Prince Qing Hui's Mint 48mm     HQ7.2, C1-8.1     AVF
    H 22 . 734      BoR Iron Cash     7-stroke bei, zhen bao. A Shanxi mint under the BoR. 23.3 mm, 3.755 g         F
    H 22 . 750      BoW 5 Cash     New branch, large variety 30mm     FD2440, C2-5     Both cleaned: AVF 22.50; VF
    H 22 . 773A      FUJIAN Cash     22.1 mm, 2.488g Distinctive variety with thin Tong, bao, boo, and fu. Comments?        
    H 22 . 793      FUJIAN 10 Cash     Rev: Characters in rims 36mm     HG1366/1, C2-6.1     VF
    H 22 . 801      GANSU Cash     19.9mm, 2.647g Vg+ (brassy) 15.00; 20.4mm, 3.025g F+ (darker)     HG1469/1, C14-1, HQ10.5    
    H 22 . 803f      GANSU 5 Cash     27.5mm, 7.117g         G+
    H 22 . 805d      GANSU 5 Cash     32.7mm, 10.987g     C14-3, HG1474/2, HQ-nl     AF
    H 22 . 809      GANSU 100 Cash     52mm     FD2540, C14-5     F
    H 22 . 839      GUIZHOU Cash     Rev: commercial "3" above 23.9mm, 3.935g Probably rarer than others in this series.     HG1642/2, HQ13.53     VF+
    H 22 . 843b      HENAN Cash     24mm Mintmark touches center rim.     HG1424/4, C11-1a, HQ14.12v     Vg
    H 22 . 846      HENAN 10 Cash     38mm, 18.347g     FD2491, HG1427/1, C11-2     AVF
    H 22 . 858      HUBEI 10 Cash     Rev: Moon     C13-6.1     Vg/F
    H 22 . 864      HUBEI 50 Cash     Small mint name 49mm     HG1603/1     VF
    H 22 . 879      JIANGSU 1 Cash     Small, crudely made variety 21.7 mm, 3.826g Sold to consignor as a rarity. Can anyone confirm?     FD2474, C13-8    
    H 22 . 904      JIANGSU 50 Cash     Er bao, 6-stroke bei 49mm     C16-9.1     F
    H 22 . 917      JIANGSU 100 Cash     Er bao, 7-stroke bei 58.7mm, 55.34g     S1589, C16-10.1 HQ17.123     F
    H 22 . 931      JIANGXI 50 Cash     52mm     FD2506, C15-6.1     VF+
    H 22 . 941      SHANXI 10 Cash     Large chars. variety 37mm     C21-5     VF
    H 22 . 945      SHAANXI Cash     21.6mm, 3.137g This was sold to consignor as a rarity due to its broad rim. Comments?     C23-4, HQ22.27     VF
    H 22 . 946      SHAANXI Iron Cash     22.9mm, 5.066g     HG1451/1, C23-4a     F
    H 22 . 958      SHAANXI 50 Cash     50.3mm, 44.506g     FD2499, HG1455/1 C23-7     VF
    H 22 . 963      SICHUAN Cash     Rev: circle above 21.6mm, 3.073g     HG1616/4, C24-4.5     AF
    H 22 . 979      SICHUAN 10 Cash     Small, variant mint name 35mm     C24-5.1     VF
    H 22 . 981      SICHUAN 100 Cash     54mm     FD2552, C24-7     VF
    H 22 . 982      TAIWAN Cash     24mm     FD2530, C25-6     F
    H 22 . 1047b      ZHILI Iron Cash     23mm Exceptional condition for iron     C5-4a     EF
    H 22 . 1052      ZHILI 50 Cash     42mm     FD2452, C5-6     AVF
    H 22 . 1055      ZHILI 10 Cash Iron     39mm     C5-5a     VF+
    H 22 . 1061      ZHILI: CHENGDE 10 Cash Iron     39.0g, 21.406g     HG1420/2 C7-2a     F+
    H 22 . 1077      AKSU 50 Cash     35.1mm, 10.767g     FD2571, HG1658/1, C30-12     F+
    H 22 . 1083c      ILI Cash     23.9mm, 4.733g     HG1648/1, C28-4     VF
    H 22 . 1091      ILI 100 Cash     50.0mm, 26.965g     FD2461, HG1653/1, C28-8a     AVF but very rough rim & patchy color
    H 22 . 1103      URUMCHI 8 Cash     Small variety, 26mm     FD2563, C29-1     VF+
    H Q30 . 55A      Birthday Coin (charm)     fu shu reverse. Likely a privately made piece, but well-made and a popular series. HQ shows a piece for Jia Qing, and the Classic charms series shows several Tong Zhi, and a Xian Feng with fu fu, but not this piece. 26.0 mm, 4.496 g         VF
    H Q30 . 07D      Poem Cash (charm)     Shandong, Linqing 25.0mm, 5.460g.         VF-EF, rough edge
     Z25 .      LOT: Xian-feng 1-cash     20 pieces, mostly different mints, mostly identified in envelopes.        


TONG ZHI      1862 - 1874    



GUANG XU      1875 - 1908    



XUAN GONG      1909 - 1912    



TAIPING REBELLION      1850 - 1864    



REPUBLIC      1912    



MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS         

     XXZ880      Tea Brick     Tea bricks were a commodity money in China, Tibet, and Mongolia, though this brick is likely a modern version of an old design. Still, even these modern ones now brinig good money in auctions. 7.5x9.5 inches            $ 75.00


BULK LOTS & COLLECTIONS         

    XB 25a      Indonesia Strings     Most Chinese cash imported to the U.S. today are for the jewelry & crafts trade, and they come from Indonesia, where local Chinese communities have imported them for use since the Ming dynasty. Suppliers there collect them from villagers, construction people, or anyone else who finds them in a family treasure trove or buried in the ground. They are tied with plastic twine in strings of 200. Sometimes coins found at one spot will manage to stay together, as I have seen strings where every coin is toned & encrusted alike (common burial), or where there are no coins past Yung Cheng's reign. Sample strings from recent imports show about 90% Qing, naturally dominated by the commoner rulers, Peking Mints, though usually with some Sung, Ming, a Kai Yuan or two, and a few Japanese and Vietnamese. There may be a few contemporary counterfeits or badly worn/encrusted pieces, but generally they keep these out as unwanted by the jewelry market. Recent batches include a few crude copies of (usually) Qing cash, or novel designs, made recently for use in weddings or Muslim prayer shawls when genuine cash are scarce. I do not pick through these strings, nor does my supplier, but I have no idea who sees them before the coins get to him. I pick these strings by leafing through them without breaking the cord, leaving the rest for the crafters.    String of 200:     Special Offer of selected, better strings.



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